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GRUCIBLE FURNAGE.V No. 559,868. Patented May l2, 1896.

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GRUGIBLE PURNACE.

No. 559,868. Patented'lVIay 12, 1896.

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No. 588,888. Patented May 12, 1888.

UNITED STATES PATENT EErcE.

EUGENE M. SOOVILLE, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO THE INTERNA- TIONAL GAS AND FUEL COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

CRUClBLE-FURNACE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 559,868, dated May 12, 1896.

Application iled September 29, 1894. Serial No. 524,429. (No model.)

To @Z wit-om, 2115 may con/cern: is practically destroyed or must be torn down Be it known that I, EUGENE M. SCOVILLE, to remove the metal. lVit-h this construction of Chicago, Illinois, have invented certain if the crucible breaks the metal pours down new and useful Improvements in Oruciblethrough the combuStien-chamber, opens thc 5 5 5 Furnaces, of which the following is a specifihinged plate Gc against the weight o and escatien. capes. For repairs the hinged plate 11 is This invention relates to a Crucible-fun dropped and the hearth-lining removed. nace, and has for its object to provide certain Mounted upon the walls of said fire-chamber improvements in the construction of such is a circular wall 15 arranged concentric to 6o 1o furnaces whereby a saving is effected by the the outer casing, but out of contact therewith, manner in which the heat is applied and cerso as to provide an annular flue 1G. The tain other desirable objects hereinafter set crucible 17 rests upon a support formed by forth arc attained. three blocks, each marked 18, having a bear- In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is ing on the lining le of the fire-chamber and 65 I 5 a vertical sectional elevation through the furagainst the inner surface of the wall 15 and nacc-crucible, some of the auxiliary parts supporting a key-shaped central block 1Q. showing in elevation. Fig. 2 is a side eleva- Apertures are thus formed between the memtion of the furnace, showing a smoke-flue and bers 18, through which the products of comcertain of the other parts broken. Figs. 3, bustion may pass to the crucible-chainber 7o 2o el, and 5 are sectional plans below the correand around the crueible 17. Checker-brick spending lines indicated in Fig. l. 2O are set on top of the wall 15, such brick In the drawings, represents a cast-iron being L-shaped in form, one angle thereof base on which the furnace may for convene projectinginto the annular fiue 1G. An openience be erected, such base having a circular ing 21 is formed in the external wall, to which 7 llange 7. The external wall of the furnace may be connected'a smoke-pipe 22. Below is composed of {ire-brick 8 or other refractory the said smoke-pipe a second opening is materials preferably laid up in courses and formed, delivering into the space between the arranged so as to break joints in the usual outer casing and the lining of the lire-chammanncr. As shown, this external casing is ber, said space constituting an air or draft Se 3o circular in form and is sui-mounted by the flue 24, which at the opposite side of the cap-rin g t?, which contracts or partially closes chamber communicates with the fire-chamber the chamber at its top, leaving a central 13. The air to support combustion is thus opening l0. heated on its passage. Opposite said openll represents a removable cover centrally ing 25 the outer casing is perforated for the S5 n5 apertured,the opening thereof being usually passage of the nozzle of a hydrocarboncovered by block 12. burner 2G.

13 is the combustion-chamber, which is The burner may be of any approved conformed by a vertical lining 1i and hcarthstruction; but I prefer to employ a burner lining 141", the exterior surface of the lining adapted for delivering the'combustible gases 9o 4o ll 'fitting against the inner surface of the exunder blast into the fire-chamber, and for ternal casing. The hearth-lining is prefcrthis purpose the burner has provisions for ably constructed in a single piece and rests supplying oil, heated air, and steam thereto, upon the castiron bottom plate U, which is the oil entering by the pipe marked 27, the hinged, as at Gl. The hearth-lining leta is heated air being drawn in from the flue 24 95 45 aperturcd, as at lab, and this aperture is through the short pipe 28, andthe steam bcclosed by a second hinged plate 60, controlled ing supplied through the pipe 29, which is by the weight Gd. carried through an aperture in the external In the use of these crucible-furnaces the casing and conducted one or more times crueible breaks after long-continued use and around the outside of the cylindrical wall 15, 1o@

5e the molten. metal runs down into the firepreferably at the bottom of the said ilue 1G, chamber. If it be allowed to set, the furnace and, emerging through the external wall, leads divided mixture being delivered at the orifice of the nozzle, at which point ignition is effected and the products of combustion delivered under blast intol the fire-chamber 13. The products of combustion pass through the opening in the support of the crucible and upward around the latter and thence escape between the checker-Work into the annular flue, and'iinall'y, after parting With their heat, escape by way of the smoke-pipe.

It will thus be seen that the full effect of the heat is first applied to the Crucible, and that instead of permitting the heat to escape thence at the top of the Crucible-chamber it is returnedl over the upper edge of the cylindrical Wall 15 and caused to pass down the outside thereof through the flue 16, thereby causing a downdraft and heating the interior casing 15 by what would otherwise be Waste heat, thus effecting a considerable saving of heat which would be Wasted by radiation through the Walls of the Crucible-chamber.

Another advantage which is secured by returning the products of combustion through the down-Hue is that the cover may be removed for recharging the furnace `Without interrupting the fire or danger of burning the Workmen, whereas if the smoke-flue led from the top of the Crucible-chamber the flames would rush out the opening through the coverplate when the block 12 was removed, and, further, the overheating of the top of the furnace is by means of this downdraft prevented;

rlhe cover-plate 11 issecured to a sleeve 33, sliding on a post 34, and can be moved by means of a lever 35, having a cam-foot 36, impinging the sleeve 35, said lever being pivoted in a collar 37, rotatably supported on the post 34 by means of the collar 38, having the set-screw 39. When the lever 35 is depressed,

the sleeve with the cover-plate 1l will be raised, so as to clear the ring 40, and then it may be swung in a horizontal plane.

l claim- 1. In a Crucible-furnace, the combination with a fire-chamber and a crucible-chamber above and communicating therewith, of a erucible-support composed of diverging legs resting on the Walls of the fire-chamber and having a central key or arch to support the crucible, substantially as described.

2. A Crucible-furnace comprising in combination with a suitablebase, a sectional external casing forming the outer Wall of said furnace, an interior Wall, concentric to the outer Wall but separated therefrom and providing acentral chamber; the lower portion of which. constitutes a fire-chamber and the upper portion a Crucible-chamber, an air-liuc surrounding the fire chamber and communicating therewith, an annular flue surrounding the Crucible-chamber checker-Work arranged in the upper portion of said annular flue, substantially as described.

3. ln a Crucible-furnace, the combination with a movable cover, of means Jfor moving the saine comprising a fixed post or pivot, a sleeve sliding thereon and secured With the cover, a collarrotatably mounted on the sleeve and a lever pivoted to said collar and having a cani adapted to act upon the sleeve, substantially as described.

EUGENE M. SCOVILLE. Vitnesses FREDERICK C. GOODWIN, N. M. BOND. 

